星載高增益寬頻帶高指向性陣列天線(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)
電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用
金宇婷，邢斯瑞，安向東，吳簡(jiǎn)
長(zhǎng)光衛(wèi)星技術(shù)股份有限公司，吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130000
摘要： 針對(duì)衛(wèi)星對(duì)X波段通信系統(tǒng)電磁波傳輸?shù)男枨?，設(shè)計(jì)了一款新型X波段高增益寬頻帶高指向性微帶陣列天線(xiàn)。采用平面多層板形式，通過(guò)多種技術(shù)手段改善天線(xiàn)性能。陣列天線(xiàn)采用側(cè)饋的能量輸入方式、多層縫隙耦合饋電設(shè)計(jì)提高天線(xiàn)帶寬，同時(shí)將輻射層和饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)層分離以減小電磁波串?dāng)_和提升分離設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)約度，增加金屬反射層以提高天線(xiàn)正向增益和前后比。根據(jù)工程總體需求，共設(shè)計(jì)了64陣元和256陣元的矩形微帶陣列天線(xiàn)。兩種天線(xiàn)經(jīng)加工測(cè)試結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果基本一致。該天線(xiàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了高增益、寬頻帶、高指向性等性能指標(biāo)，對(duì)X波段星地?zé)o線(xiàn)通信系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)有一定指導(dǎo)意義。
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：TN82 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234103
中文引用格式： 金宇婷，邢斯瑞，安向東，等. 星載高增益寬頻帶高指向性陣列天線(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用，2024，50(3)：104-108.
英文引用格式： Jin Yuting，Xing Sirui，An Xiangdong，et al. Design of high-gain wideband high directivity array antenna for satellite communication system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2024，50(3)：104-108.
中文引用格式： 金宇婷，邢斯瑞，安向東，等. 星載高增益寬頻帶高指向性陣列天線(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用，2024，50(3)：104-108.
英文引用格式： Jin Yuting，Xing Sirui，An Xiangdong，et al. Design of high-gain wideband high directivity array antenna for satellite communication system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2024，50(3)：104-108.
Design of high-gain wideband high directivity array antenna for satellite communication system
Jin Yuting，Xing Sirui，An Xiangdong，Wu Jian
Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co.， Ltd.， Changchun 130000， China
Abstract： To meet the satellite requirements for electromagnetic wave transmission in X-band communication system, a new X-band high-gain wideband high directivity microstrip array antenna is designed by selecting different antenna types. The performance of the antenna is improved by various technical means in the form of plane multilayer plates. The array antenna adopts the side fed energy input mode and the multi-layer slot coupling feed design to improve the antenna bandwidth. At the same time, the radiation layer and the feed network layer are separated to reduce the electromagnetic wave crosstalk and improve the simplicity of the separation design. The metal reflection layer is added to improve the antenna forward gain and front to back ratio. According to the project, the 64 elements and 256 elements rectangular array antenna are designed. The machining test results of two kinds antennas are basically consistent with the simulation results. The antenna achieves performance indicators such as high gain, broadband and high directivity, which is of some significance to the design of X-band satellite-earth wireless communication system.
Key words : microstrip array antenna；X-band；high-gain；wideband；high directivity
引言
在科技飛速發(fā)展的今天，遙感衛(wèi)星應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域越來(lái)越廣泛，包括國(guó)土普查、深空探測(cè)、資源勘探、環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、減災(zāi)防災(zāi)、鐵路選線(xiàn)、地理測(cè)繪與調(diào)查、農(nóng)業(yè)估產(chǎn)、草原及林區(qū)普查等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域[1-6]。其中各種電磁設(shè)備正不斷向小型化、高集成度、高性能化發(fā)展，以滿(mǎn)足系統(tǒng)級(jí)的優(yōu)良性能及不同的功能需求[7-8]。天線(xiàn)作為衛(wèi)星的收發(fā)前端，有著非常重要的地位和意義。
星載天線(xiàn)目前在軌衛(wèi)星使用的天線(xiàn)形式多種多樣：微帶天線(xiàn)、拋物面天線(xiàn)、波導(dǎo)縫隙天線(xiàn)、偶極子天線(xiàn)、喇叭天線(xiàn)等[9-11]。微帶天線(xiàn)與其他天線(xiàn)相比，具有易集成、低剖面、易共形、易加工、饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)便于與輻射體一體化設(shè)計(jì)，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，一致性好、低成本、適合批量生產(chǎn)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)[12]。
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作者信息：
金宇婷，邢斯瑞，安向東，吳簡(jiǎn)
長(zhǎng)光衛(wèi)星技術(shù)股份有限公司
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